VAT and GST basics for small online sellers in the UK and India
When a small online seller must register for UK VAT or Indian GST, how thresholds are measured, and which sales trigger registration at any…
Valuation basics: DCF, comparables and precedent transactions
The three standard ways to value a business, how each works, why they give different answers, and how to bring them together into a…
Building a simple three-statement model: how the P&L, balance sheet and cash flow link
How the profit and loss account, balance sheet and cash flow statement connect, and how to build a small linked model that balances, step…
Startup funding routes: bootstrapping, grants, angels, venture capital and debt
A plain guide to the main ways to fund a young business, what each costs you, and the UK and India schemes worth knowing…
Time value of money: NPV, IRR and payback for investment decisions
Why a pound today is worth more than a pound next year, and how to use NPV, IRR and payback to decide whether an…
Managing cash flow day to day: the 13-week cash forecast, invoicing and credit control
How to build a rolling 13-week cash forecast, invoice so you get paid faster, and run simple credit control, including UK late payment rights.
Pricing your margins: gross margin vs markup, explained without confusion
Margin and markup describe the same profit against different bases. Here is how to calculate each, convert between them and price to a target…
Financial ratios that matter: liquidity, profitability, efficiency and leverage
The handful of ratios that tell you whether a business can pay its bills, makes money, uses its assets well and carries safe levels…
Budgeting and forecasting for a small business: zero-based, incremental and rolling
The difference between a budget and a forecast, when to use zero-based or incremental budgeting, how rolling forecasts work, and how to read variances.
Break-even analysis: fixed costs, contribution margin and the break-even point
How to sort costs into fixed and variable, work out contribution per sale, and find the sales level where a business stops losing money.
